【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforDosimetryinRadiationResearchonFoodandAgriculturalProducts
【原文标准名称】:食品和农产品辐射研究中剂量测定的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMISO/ASTM51900-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E10.01
【标准类型】:(ISO/ASTM)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:absorbeddose;absorbed-dosemapping;absorbed-dosemeasurement;dosimetrysystem;electronbeam;experimentaldesign;foodandagriculture;gammaradiation;ionizingradiation;measurementuncertainty;primary-standarddosimeter;radiation-sensitiveindi
【摘要】:4.1Thisguideisintendedtoprovidedirectionondosimetryforexperimentsinfoodandagriculturalresearch,andonthereportingofdosimetryresults.Researchconcerningtheeffectivenessofirradiationoffoodandagriculturalproductstoachieveadefinedbenefitinvolvesverydifferentabsorbed-dosespecificationsfromonestudyandoneproducttoanother.Forexample,theabsorbeddoserequiredtosterilizefruitfliesismuchlowerthanthedosesrequiredtoinactivatesomebacterialpathogensinmeat,ortodecontaminatespices.NOTE4-Examplesoftherelevanteffectsofirradiationincludereductionofviablefood-bornebacteria,virusesandparasitesandphytosanitarytreatment(suchasdisinfestationoffruitsandvegetables),preventionofsprouting,delayofripening,andchangesinproductchemistryandquality.Furtherdiscussionoftheseeffectsisoutsidethescopeofthisguide.RefertoASTMGuidesF1355,F1356,F1736andF1885.4.2Properreportingoftheirradiationaspectisimportantsincethedegreeofbiologicaleffectmaybeafunctionofvariousfactorssuchastheradiationsource,theabsorbed-doserate,energyoftheincidentradiation,environmentaleffectsduringirradiation,andthetypeofincidentradiation.Thisguideattemptstohighlighttheinformation,includingthemethodologyandresultsoftheabsorbed-dosemeasurements,necessaryforanexperimenttoberepeatablebyotherresearchers.NOTE5-Factorsthatmayinfluencetheresponseofagriculturalproductstoionizingradiationincludegenus,species,variety,vigor,lifestage,initialquality,stateofripeness,temperature,moisturecontent,pH,packaging,shipping,andstorageconditions.Althoughthesefactorsarenotdiscussedinthisguide,theyshouldbeconsideredwhenplanningexperiments(seeASTMGuidesF1355,F1356,F1640,F1736andF1885.4.3Ideally,anexperimentshouldbedesignedtoirradiatethesampleasuniformlyaspossible.Inpractice,acertainvariationinabsorbeddosewillexistthroughoutthesample.Absorbed-dosemappingisusedtodeterminethemagnitude,location,andreproducibilityofthemaximum(Dmax)andminimumabsorbeddose(Dmin)foragivensetofexperimentalparameters.Dosimetersusedfordosemappingmustbecapableofrespondingtodosesanddosegradientslikelytooccurwithinirradiatedsamples.4.4Theoreticalcalculationsmayprovideusefulinformationaboutabsorbed-dosedistributionintheirradiatedsample,especiallynearmaterialinterfaces(seeASTMGuideE2232).1.1Thisguidecoverstheminimumrequirementsfordosimetryandabsorbed-dosevalidationneededtoconductresearchontheirradiationoffoodandagriculturalproducts.Suchresearchincludesestablishmentofthequantitativerelationshipbetweentheabsorbeddoseandtherelevanteffectsintheseproducts.Thisguidealsodescribestheoverallneedfordosimetryinsuchresearch,andinreportingoftheresults.1.2Thisguideisintendedforusebyresearchscientistsinthefoodandagriculturalcommunities,andnotjustscientistsconductingirradiationresearch.It,therefore,includesmoretutorialinformationthanmostotherASTMandISO/ASTMdosimetrystandardsforradiationprocessing.1.3Thisguideisinnowayintendedtolimittheflexibilityoftheexperimenterintheexperimentaldesign.However,theradiationsourceandexperimentalsetupshouldbechosensuchthattheresultsoftheexperimentwillbebeneficialandunderstandabletootherscientists,regulatoryagencies,andthefoodandagriculturalcommunities.1.4Theeffectsproducedbyionizingradiationinbiologicalsystemsdependonalargenumberoffactorswhichmaybephysical,physiological,orchemical.Althoughnottreatedindetailinthisguide,quantitativedataofenvironmentalfactorsthatmayaffecttheabsorbed-doseresponseofdosimeters,......
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语

标准名称：	玻璃容器内表面耐水侵蚀性能测试方法及分级
英文名称：	Test method and classification for hydrolytic resistance of the interior surfaces of glass containers
中标分类：	轻工、文化与生活用品 >> 日用玻璃、陶瓷、搪瓷、塑料制品 >> 日用玻璃制品
ICS分类：	玻璃和陶瓷工业 >> 玻璃 >> 玻璃产品
替代情况：	GB 4548-1984
发布部门：	国家技术监督局
发布日期：	1995-12-08
实施日期：	1996-08-01
首发日期：	1984-06-30
作废日期：	1900-01-01
主管部门：	中国轻工业联合会
提出单位：	中华人民共和国轻工业部
归口单位：	中国轻工业联合会
起草单位：	轻工部玻璃搪瓷工业科学研所
起草人：	邱霭雪、张国秀
出版社：	中国标准出版社
出版日期：	1996-08-01
页数：	平装16开， 页数：10， 字数：15千字

本标准规定：a）玻璃容器在经受121±1℃水侵蚀60±1min内表面耐水性的测定方法。耐水性是通过用盐酸溶液滴定制备好的、一定量的淬取液求得的。此时，容器的耐水性与所消耗盐酸成反比。B)玻璃容器的分类。此分类是根据本标准所规定的玻璃容器内表面耐水性的测定方法而定的。注：滴定法规定的玻璃容器耐水性HC级与根据ISO 4802-2获得的HC级具有可比性，尽管两种方法的个别试验结果会不同。本标准适用于一般玻璃瓶、小玻璃瓶、安瓿、烧瓶和烧杯等玻璃容器。这些玻璃容器是用经过表面处理或未经表面处理的钠钙玻璃、硼硅酸盐玻璃或中性玻璃制成的。本标准不适用于双联安瓿。

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